183: Fire Over Hatti

Sety I (Part 5): Empires clash. Around 1300 BCE (approximately), Sety I records a battle against the Hittites. In the course of his northern wars, perhaps following the reconquest of Kadesh and Amurru, Sety faced off with his distant rival. The Kingdom of Hatti, land of the Hittites, sent forces to challenge the Egyptian resurgence…

Details and sources:

Date: c. 1300 BCE.

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Music: Luke Chaos.

Interludes: Keith Zizza, Luke Chaos, Hathor Systrum.

The Battle Reliefs of Sety I by The Epigraphic Survey Reliefs and Inscriptions at Karnak, Volume IV: The Battle Reliefs of King Sety I | Institute for the Study of Ancient Cultures (uchicago.edu).

Texts: Kenneth Kitchen's Ramesside Inscriptions volume 1. Hieroglyph versions at Internet Archive, English translations at Abercromby Press.

Peter Brand, Ramesses II: Egypt's Ultimate Pharaoh, out now from Lockwood Press.

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Select Bibliography:

G. Beckman, Hittite Diplomatic Texts (1996).

P. J. Brand, The Monuments of Seti I: Epigraphic, Historical and Art Historical Analysis (2000).

P. J. Brand, Ramesses II: Egypt’s Ultimate Pharaoh (2023).

T. Bryce, The Kingdom of the Hittites (2005).

T. R. Bryce, Ancient Syria: A Three Thousand Year History (2014).

T. R. Bryce, Warriors of Anatolia: A Concise History of the Hittites (2019).

V. Davies, ‘The Treatment of Foreigners in Seti’s Battle Reliefs’, The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 98 (2012), 73–85.

A. Dodson, Sethy I King of Egypt: His Life and Afterlife (2019).

H. El-Saady, ‘The Wars of Sety I at Karnak: A New Chronological Structure’, Studien zur Altägyptischen Kultur 19 (1992), 285–94.

R. O. Faulkner, ‘The Wars of Sethos I’, The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 33 (1947), 34–9.

B. Heagren, ‘The Art of War in Pharaonic Egypt’, Unpublished PhD. Thesis, The University of Auckland (2010).

M. Healy, Qadesh 1300 BC: Clash of the Warrior Kings (1993).

K. A. Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions Translated and Annotated: Notes and Comments, I (1993).

K. A. Kitchen, Ramesside Inscriptions Translated and Annotated: Translations, I (2017).

S. Langdon and A. H. Gardiner, ‘The Treaty of Alliance between Ḫattušili, King of the Hittites, and the Pharaoh Ramesses II of Egypt’, The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 6 (1920), 179–205.

D. D. Luckenbill, ‘Hittite Treaties and Letters’, The American Journal of Semitic Languages and Literatures 37 (1921), 161–211.

S. McDermott, ‘Ancient Egyptian Footsoldiers and Their Weapons: A Study of Military Iconography and Weapon Remains’, Unpublished PhD. Thesis, The University of Manchester (2002).

E. F. Morris, The Architecture of Imperialism: Military Bases and the Evolution of Foreign Policy in Egypt’s New Kingdom (2005).

W. J. Murnane, The Road to Kadesh: A Historical Interpretation of the Battle Reliefs of King Sety I at Karnak (1985).

D. B. Redford, Egypt, Canaan, and Israel in Ancient Times (1992).

A. Spalinger, Aspects of the Military Documents of the Ancient Egyptians (1982).

A. J. Spalinger, ‘The Northern Wars of Seti I: An Integrative Study’, Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt 16 (1979), 29–47.

A. J. Spalinger, War in Ancient Egypt: The New Kingdom (2005).

The Epigraphic Survey, Reliefs and Inscriptions at Karnak Volume 4: The Battle Reliefs of King Sety I (1986).

G. Wilhelm, ‘Muršilis II. Konflikt mit Ägypten und Haremhabs Thronbesteigung’, Die Welt des Orients 39 (2009), 108–16.

W. Wreszinski, Atlas zur altaegyptischen Kulturgeschichte (1988).

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