In this episode, we review deep vein thrombosis (DVT), a critical condition within the spectrum of venous thromboembolism and a major cause of preventable morbidity and mortality. We break down the underlying pathophysiology using Virchow's triad—venous stasis, endothelial injury, and hypercoagulability—and discuss common risk factors including immobility, surgery, malignancy, pregnancy, and inherited thrombophilias. The episode highlights classic clinical features such as unilateral leg swelling, pain, warmth, and erythema, while emphasizing that presentations can be subtle or even asymptomatic. We also review a practical diagnostic approach using the Wells score, D-dimer testing, and compression ultrasound, along with first-line treatment strategies centered on anticoagulation to prevent progression and pulmonary embolism.

References

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