David Ferrucci led the team that built Watson, the IBM question-answering system that beat the top humans in the world at the game of Jeopardy. He is also the Founder, CEO, and Chief Scientist of Elemental Cognition, a company working engineer AI systems that understand the world the way people do. This conversation is part of the Artificial Intelligence podcast. If you would like to get more information about this podcast go to https://lexfridman.com/ai or connect with @lexfridman on Twitter, LinkedIn, Facebook, Medium, or YouTube where you can watch the video versions of these conversations. If you enjoy the podcast, please

David Ferrucci: IBM Watson, Jeopardy & Deep Conversations with AI

Conversations about science, technology, history, philosophy and the nature of intelligence, consciousness, love, and power. Lex is an AI researcher at MIT and beyond.

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Science

Sean Carroll is a theoretical physicist, author, and host of Mindscape podcast. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors:
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Transcript: https://lexfridman.com/sean-carroll-3-transcript

EPISODE LINKS:
Sean's Website: https://preposterousuniverse.com
Mindscape Podcast: https://www.preposterousuniverse.com/podcast/
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Sean's Papers: https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=Lfifrv8AAAAJ
Sean's Books: https://amzn.to/3W7yT9N

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Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr
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SUPPORT & CONNECT:
- Check out the sponsors above, it's the best way to support this podcast
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OUTLINE:
Here's the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time.
(00:00) - Introduction
(11:03) - General relativity
(23:22) - Black holes
(28:11) - Hawking radiation
(32:19) - Aliens
(41:15) - Holographic principle
(1:05:38) - Dark energy
(1:11:38) - Dark matter
(1:20:34) - Quantum mechanics
(1:41:56) - Simulation
(1:44:18) - AGI
(1:58:42) - Complexity
(2:11:25) - Consciousness
(2:20:32) - Naturalism
(2:24:49) - Limits of science
(2:29:34) - Mindscape podcast
(2:39:29) - Einstein

#428 – Sean Carroll: General Relativity, Quantum Mechanics, Black Holes & Aliens

Neil Adams is a judo world champion, 2-time Olympic silver medalist, 5-time European champion, and often referred to as the Voice of Judo. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors:
- ZipRecruiter: https://ziprecruiter.com/lex
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Transcript: https://lexfridman.com/neil-adams-transcript

EPISODE LINKS:
Neil's Instagram: https://instagram.com/naefighting
Neil's YouTube: https://youtube.com/NAEffectiveFighting
Neil's TikTok: https://tiktok.com/@neiladamsmbe
Neil's Facebook: https://facebook.com/NeilAdamsJudo
Neil's X: https://x.com/NeilAdamsJudo
Neil's Website: https://naeffectivefighting.com
Neil's Podcast: https://naeffectivefighting.com/podcasts/the-dojo-collective-podcast
A Life in Judo (book): https://amzn.to/4d3DtfB
A Game of Throws (audiobook): https://amzn.to/4aA2WeJ

PODCAST INFO:
Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast
Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr
Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8
RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/
YouTube Full Episodes: https://youtube.com/lexfridman
YouTube Clips: https://youtube.com/lexclips

SUPPORT & CONNECT:
- Check out the sponsors above, it's the best way to support this podcast
- Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman
- Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman
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- Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman
- Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman

OUTLINE:
Here's the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time.
(00:00) - Introduction
(09:13) - 1980 Olympics
(26:35) - Judo explained
(34:40) - Winning
(52:54) - 1984 Olympics
(1:01:55) - Lessons from losing
(1:17:37) - Teddy Riner
(1:37:12) - Training in Japan
(1:52:51) - Jiu jitsu
(2:03:59) - Training
(2:27:18) - Advice for beginners

#427 – Neil Adams: Judo, Olympics, Winning, Losing, and the Champion Mindset

Edward Gibson is a psycholinguistics professor at MIT and heads the MIT Language Lab. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors:
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Transcript: https://lexfridman.com/edward-gibson-transcript

EPISODE LINKS:
Edward's X: https://x.com/LanguageMIT
TedLab: https://tedlab.mit.edu/
Edward's Google Scholar: https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=4FsWE64AAAAJ
TedLab's YouTube: https://youtube.com/@Tedlab-MIT

PODCAST INFO:
Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast
Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr
Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8
RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/
YouTube Full Episodes: https://youtube.com/lexfridman
YouTube Clips: https://youtube.com/lexclips

SUPPORT & CONNECT:
- Check out the sponsors above, it's the best way to support this podcast
- Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman
- Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman
- Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman
- LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman
- Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman
- Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman

OUTLINE:
Here's the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time.
(00:00) - Introduction
(10:53) - Human language
(14:59) - Generalizations in language
(20:46) - Dependency grammar
(30:45) - Morphology
(39:20) - Evolution of languages
(42:40) - Noam Chomsky
(1:26:46) - Thinking and language
(1:40:16) - LLMs
(1:53:14) - Center embedding
(2:19:42) - Learning a new language
(2:23:34) - Nature vs nurture
(2:30:10) - Culture and language
(2:44:38) - Universal language
(2:49:01) - Language translation
(2:52:16) - Animal communication

#426 – Edward Gibson: Human Language, Psycholinguistics, Syntax, Grammar & LLMs

Andrew Callaghan is the host of Channel 5 on YouTube, where he does street interviews with fascinating humans at the edges of society, the so-called vagrants, vagabonds, runaways, outlaws, from QAnon adherents to Phish heads to O Block residents and much more. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors:
- ShipStation: https://shipstation.com/lex and use code LEX to get 60-day free trial
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Transcript: https://lexfridman.com/andrew-callaghan-transcript

EPISODE LINKS:
Channel 5 with Andrew Callaghan: https://www.youtube.com/channel5YouTube
Andrew's Instagram: https://instagram.com/andreww.me
Andrew's Website: https://andrew-callaghan.com/
Andrew's Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/channel5
This Place Rules: https://www.hbo.com/movies/this-place-rules
Books Mentioned:
On the Road: https://amzn.to/4aLPLHi
Siddhartha: https://amzn.to/49rthKz

PODCAST INFO:
Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast
Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr
Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8
RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/
YouTube Full Episodes: https://youtube.com/lexfridman
YouTube Clips: https://youtube.com/lexclips

SUPPORT & CONNECT:
- Check out the sponsors above, it's the best way to support this podcast
- Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman
- Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman
- Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman
- LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman
- Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman
- Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman

OUTLINE:
Here's the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time.
(00:00) - Introduction
(08:53) - Walmart
(10:24) - Early life
(29:14) - Hitchhiking
(40:49) - Couch surfing
(49:50) - Quarter Confessions
(1:07:33) - Burning Man
(1:22:44) - Protests
(1:28:17) - Jon Stewart
(1:31:13) - Fame
(1:44:31) - Jan 6
(1:48:15) - QAnon
(1:54:00) - Alex Jones
(2:10:52) - Politics
(2:20:29) - Response to allegations
(2:37:28) - Channel 5
(2:43:04) - Rap
(2:44:51) - O Block
(2:48:47) - Crip Mac
(2:51:59) - Aliens

#425 – Andrew Callaghan: Channel 5, Gonzo, QAnon, O-Block, Politics & Alex Jones

Bassem Youssef is an Egyptian-American comedian & satirist, referred to as the Jon Stewart of the Arab World. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors:
- AG1: https://drinkag1.com/lex to get 1 month supply of fish oil
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Transcript: https://lexfridman.com/bassem-youssef-transcript

EPISODE LINKS:
Bassem's X: https://x.com/Byoussef
Bassem's Instagram: https://instagram.com/bassem
Bassem's Facebook: https://facebook.com/bassemyousseftv
Bassem's Website: https://bassemyoussef.xyz

PODCAST INFO:
Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast
Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr
Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8
RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/
YouTube Full Episodes: https://youtube.com/lexfridman
YouTube Clips: https://youtube.com/lexclips

SUPPORT & CONNECT:
- Check out the sponsors above, it's the best way to support this podcast
- Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman
- Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman
- Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman
- LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman
- Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman
- Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman

OUTLINE:
Here's the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time.
(00:00) - Introduction
(06:30) - Oct 7
(36:59) - Two-state solution
(52:37) - Holocaust
(1:00:24) - 1948
(1:09:17) - Egypt
(1:23:39) - Jon Stewart
(1:25:51) - Going viral during the Arab Spring
(1:49:55) - Arabic vs English
(2:02:18) - Sam Harris and Jihad
(2:07:25) - Religion
(2:26:37) - TikTok
(2:31:10) - Joe Rogan
(2:33:07) - Joe Biden
(2:37:33) - Putin
(2:39:21) - War
(2:44:17) - Hope

David Ferrucci: IBM Watson, Jeopardy & Deep Conversations with AI

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