In this episode, we review esophageal strictures, an abnormal narrowing of the esophageal lumen most commonly caused by chronic GERD. We break down the pathophysiology of inflammation leading to fibrosis and luminal narrowing, along with other important causes including caustic ingestion, radiation, eosinophilic esophagitis, and malignancy. The discussion highlights the classic presentation of progressive dysphagia to solids, appropriate use of barium swallow and endoscopy, and evidence-based management with endoscopic dilation. We also review red flags for malignancy and complications such as perforation.

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