Mindset by Carol Dweck, explains the difference between a fixed mindset and a growth mindset. Those with a fixed mindset believe that abilities are innate and unchangeable, leading to a fear of failure and a reluctance to challenge oneself. Conversely, individuals with a growth mindset embrace challenges and see failures as opportunities for learning and improvement, believing that their abilities can be developed through effort and practice. The text argues that adopting a growth mindset is crucial for personal and professional growth, enabling individuals to reach their full potential.