Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for May 22, 2019 is: peer-to-peer  \PEER-tuh-PEER\ adjective  
: relating to, using, or being a network by which computers operated by individuals can share information and resources directly without relying on a dedicated central [server](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/server)  
  
Examples:
  
"PayPal announced a new mobile peer-to-peer (P2P) payment platform called PayPal.me, which will allow users to create a personalized PayPal link and send it to peers for fast P2P transfers through PayPal." — Jaime Toplin and John Heggestuen, Business Insider, 1 Sep. 2015

"The figures come from a paper presented at Federal Reserve Bank of New York's [fintech](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/fintech) conference in March, which found 27 percent of peer-to-peer lending dollars had displaced traditional bank lending." — Steven Harras, The Austin (Texas) American-Statesman, 7 Apr. 2019  
  
Did you know?  
   
The term peer-to-peer is a relatively recent addition to the English language, being little more than a half-century old. In its earliest known uses from the 1960s, it referred to something that occurs directly between human [peers](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/peer), people who are similar in age, grade, or status. It can still be found in this use in phrases such as "peer-to-peer tutoring." With the emergence of computer networking, peer-to-peer began to be used in reference to a system of computers that are able to communicate directly with one another without the mediation of a centralized server. Since the turn of the 21st century, peer-to-peer lending—the borrowing and lending of money through online services—has become increasingly common. You might also encounter peer-to-peer in the techy abbreviated form P2P, as in "P2P networking."

peer-to-peer

Free daily dose of word power from Merriam-Webster's experts

Arts

Literature

Performing Arts

Design

Food

Fashion & Beauty

Visual Arts

Education

Training

Language Courses

Higher Education

K-12

Educational Technology

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for April 23, 2024 is: exodus  \EK-suh-dus\ noun  
An exodus is a situation in which many people leave a place at the same time—in other words a mass departure or [emigration](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/emigration).

// The resort town eagerly anticipated the mass exodus from the cities to its beaches as summer approached.

[See the entry >](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/exodus)
  
  
Examples:
  
“Experts link lower rents to a possible drop in demand after population losses during a recent exodus from parts of Southern California. As the state’s population has stagnated, some believe demand may cool and dampen rent growth.” — Anthony de Leon, The Los Angeles Times, 14 Mar. 2024   
  
Did you know?  
   
The Biblical book of Exodus describes the departure of the Israelites from Egypt, so it's no surprise that the word exodus, uncapitalized, has come to refer more generally to any mass departure. Exodus was adopted into English (via Latin) from the Greek word Exodos, which literally means “the road out.” Exodos was formed by combining the prefix ex-, meaning “out of,” and hodos, meaning “road” or “way.” Indeed, many roads led out of hodos into English; other hodos descendants include [episode](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/episode), [method](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/method), [odometer](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/odometer), and [period](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/period). While exodus is occasionally encountered in reference to an individual’s leaving (e.g., “his/her/their exodus”), such usage is likely to raise the eyebrows of editors who feel it should only refer to the departure [en masse](https://bit.ly/491e6rj) of a large group of people, as when novelist [Nnedi Okorafor](https://www.britannica.com/biography/Nnedi-Okorafor) writes in her science fiction novel Lagoon (2015): “Everyone was trying to get somewhere, be it a church, a bar, home or out of Lagos. Then there was the exodus of people … to the parts of the city that had the least chance of flooding if the water rose too high.”

exodus

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for April 22, 2024 is: palpable  \PAL-puh-bul\ adjective  
Something described as palpable is obvious and notable. Palpable may also be used as a synonym of [tangible](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/tangible) to describe something that can be perceived by one's sense of touch. 

// The tension in the courtroom was palpable as the jury foreman stood to announce the verdict.

[See the entry >](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/palpable)  
  
Examples:
  
"The power of the ancestral people who built [Cliff Palace](https://www.britannica.com/video/22034/group-cliff-dwellings-Colorado-Mesa-Verde-National) feels palpable as I stand inside the cliff hollow, marvelling at towers and rooms that slot together perfectly." — Linda Barnard, The Toronto Star, 16 Sept. 2023  
  
Did you know?  
   
If you find it fascinating how English speakers push words with concrete meanings into [figurative](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/figurative) use, we feel you. By which we mean we understand you, of course, not that we are patting your head or poking you in the shoulder. Palpable, which has since the 14th century described things that can be literally felt through the skin (such as a person’s pulse), has undergone an expansion similar to that of [feel](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/feel) over the centuries, and is now more frequently used to describe things that cannot be touched but are still so easy to perceive that it is as though they could be—such as "a palpable tension in the air."

palpable

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for April 21, 2024 is: noblesse oblige  \noh-BLESS-uh-BLEEZH\ noun  
Noblesse oblige refers to the idea that people who have high social rank or wealth should be helpful and generous to people of lower rank or to people who are poor.

// As the inheritor of a great fortune, he was raised to have a strong sense of noblesse oblige, not only volunteering and donating to charity, but advocating for structural change to address inequality.

[See the entry >](https://bit.ly/3UK16mJ)
  
  
Examples:
  
“As is usually the case, actual research reveals that the pair bond of the cardinal is not really sacrosanct. The ostensibly quaint couples we see regularly have a 20% divorce rate, which is of course better than our own, but they are not exactly swans. And while they are mated, they are generally monogamous, but [polygyny](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/polygyny) is known. It is, however, usually observed in cases where the male of an adjacent territory goes missing or because an unmated female persists in foraging and remaining in a male’s territory. A strange form of noblesse oblige. It has not been determined whether these second pairings produce any offspring.” — Bill Chaisson, The Eagle Times (Claremont, New Hampshire), 20 Jan. 2024  
  
Did you know?  
   
In a tale collected in 16th-century Germany, a noblewoman wonders why the hungry poor don’t simply eat Krosem (a sweet bread), her cluelessness [prefiguring](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/prefigure) the later, much more famous quote attributed to [Marie Antoinette](https://www.britannica.com/biography/Marie-Antoinette-queen-of-France): “let them eat cake.” The queen [never actually said that](https://www.britannica.com/story/did-marie-antoinette-really-say-let-them-eat-cake), but we can think of the sentiment behind noblesse oblige as the quote’s opposite—something more like “let us bake them a cake since we own all the eggs/flour/sugar/etc.” In French, noblesse oblige means literally “nobility obligates.” It was first quoted in English in the early 19th century, before being used as a noun referring to the unwritten obligation of [aristocrats](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/aristocrats) to act honorably and generously to others. Later, by extension, it also came to refer to the obligation of anyone who is in a better position than others—due, for example, to high office or celebrity—to act respectably and responsibly.

noblesse oblige

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for April 20, 2024 is: gingerly  \JIN-jer-lee\ adjective  
An act or manner described as gingerly is very cautious or careful.

// It’s a delicate subject, and we need to approach it with gingerly care and [tact](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/tact).

// The antelope moved with a gingerly gait that suggested it was hurt. 

[See the entry >](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/gingerly)
  
  
Examples:
  
“Note: bears do not in a gingerly manner put their paws against each stem of a lovely ripe pear and gently pull upward against the branch, the proper harvesting method. ‘Picked’ in bear-lingo means tearing down carefully constructed tree cages and knocking as many branches to the ground as needed; then taking several bites out of each luscious pear, leaving scattered remnants all over the ground ...” — Cate Gable, The Chinook Observer (Long Beach, Washington), 14 Oct. 2020  
  
Did you know?  
   
Though more common as [an adverb](https://bit.ly/3IIE1JT) meaning “very cautiously and carefully,” as in “moving gingerly across the icy pond,” gingerly has for more than four centuries functioned both as an adverb and as an adjective. Etymologists take a gingerly approach to assigning any particular origins to gingerly. While it might have come from the name of the [spice](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/ginger), there’s nothing concrete to back up that idea. Another theory is that it’s related to an Old French word, gençor, meaning “prettier” or “more beautiful,” with evidence being that in 16th century English an earlier sense of gingerly often described dancing or walking done with dainty steps. It wasn’t until the 17th century that gingerly was applied to movements done with caution in order to avoid being noisy or causing injury, and to a wary manner in handling or presenting ideas.

gingerly

Merriam-Webster's Word of the Day for April 19, 2024 is: underwhelm  \un-der-WELM\ verb  
To underwhelm someone is to fail to impress or excite them.

// Despite the hype, the movie underwhelmed most reviewers, who criticized its slow pace and poor special effects.

[See the entry >](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/underwhelm)  
  
Examples:
  
"Wake me up when NBA All-Star Weekend ends. Let’s start with the Dunk Contest, which is supposed to be the most exciting event. It wasn’t. Most of the dunks, and the judging of said dunks, underwhelmed." — Zachary Pereles, CBS Sports, 19 Feb. 2024  
  
Did you know?  
   
[Overwhelm](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/overwhelm) and its rare synonym [whelm](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/whelm) have both been around since the Middle Ages, but underwhelm is a 20th-century coinage. Both overwhelm and whelm come from the Middle English whelmen, meaning "to turn over" or "to cover up." Underwhelm is a playful overturning of overwhelm that is well suited for contexts in which something fails to excite. As is often the case with younger words, there is a certain amount of misinformation regarding where underwhelm came from. We have seen reports that the playwright [George S. Kaufman](https://www.britannica.com/biography/George-S-Kaufman) coined it, and also that the famed sportswriter [Red Smith](https://www.britannica.com/biography/Red-Smith) claimed to have used it first. Neither of these is likely to be accurate, for the simple fact that there is evidence that underwhelming was used, albeit as an adjective, before either of these men was born.

peer-to-peer

Download our free app to listen on your phone