We recently traveled to Kansas City, Missouri, for a State of the Science Summit™ on Advanced Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer. During the meeting, the faculty from St. Luke’s Cancer Institute and the University of Missouri-Kansas City gave focused presentations on recent progress made in squamous NSCLC and small cell lung cancer, provided tips on how to navigate the complex paradigm of oncogene-driven disease, and shed light on emerging biomarkers in the space. Additional topics included the use of robotic thoracic surgery to improve outcomes and quality of life for patients with lung cancer as well as examining the critical role of the pulmonologist in lung cancer management.