Journey into the sophisticated world of Chinese espionage from 722-221 BC, where spymasters wielded intelligence as deftly as generals wielded swords. Through careful analysis of the Chunqiu and Zuozhuan texts, Ralph D. Sawyer reveals how ancient Chinese states mastered the art of intelligence gathering—from basic surveillance to complex psychological operations. Discover remarkably modern techniques of human intelligence, counterintelligence, and strategic deception that shaped China's Warring States period. This fascinating study demonstrates how understanding human nature and careful analysis of strengths and weaknesses formed the foundation of Chinese statecraft, offering timeless insights into the intricate relationship between intelligence, strategy, and power.