The war began when the United States and Israel launched coordinated strikes on Iranian nuclear sites, missile facilities, air defenses, and leadership targets in Tehran, killing Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei and triggering immediate Iranian retaliation with missiles and drones against U.S. bases across the Gulf, including damage at Al Udeid Air Base in Qatar. Since then, U.S. and Israeli forces have rapidly expanded operations, destroying much of Iran’s naval capability, deploying roughly 50,000 U.S. troops and hundreds of aircraft to the region, and pursuing goals outlined by officials like Marco Rubio: eliminating Iran’s nuclear and missile threats and increasing pressure on the regime without committing large-scale ground forces. The conflict has already cost the U.S. billions and is quickly draining key missile and air-defense stockpiles while global energy markets are shaken by the shutdown of Qatari LNG exports, a collapse in Strait of Hormuz shipping, and threats to regional infrastructure. Iran has vowed a long war, warned it could target Israel’s nuclear facilities if regime change is attempted, and continued missile launches from underground sites, while the conflict fuels cyber-attack fears, regional proxy fighting, and growing political divisions inside the United States over the expanding war.