Xue, Guisen, O. Felix Offodile, Rouzbeh Razavi, Dong-Heon Kwak, and Jose Benitez. "Addressing staffing challenges through improved planning: Demand-driven course schedule planning and instructor assignment in higher education." Decision Support Systems 187 (2024): 114345.

This paper presents a novel decision support system (DSS) to address the University Course Timetabling Problem (UCTP). The solution decomposes the NP-complete UCTP into two sub-problems, allowing a structured approach to addressing the complexities inherent in the UCTP process. A mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model is proposed to integrate academic year course schedule planning and instructor assignment, accommodating various constraints to meet student demands. The model optimizes the number of course sections and strategically schedules instructors, aiming to reduce the number of new and distinct courses assigned to them. Historical data from an academic department encompassing multiple disciplines, including Computer Information Systems, Business Management, and Business Analytics, at a large public university in the U.S. is used to develop the model, and the results are compared with the actual course schedule and instructor assignment. The results demonstrate that the proposed DSS would result in a 14% reduction in the number of course sections offered, translating to approximately $130,000 in annual savings. Additionally, it could significantly reduce the number of new courses assigned to instructors by up to 81% and the number of distinct course sections assigned to them by 29%.