Join us in part two of our RNA series as we explore RNA’s structure and production process. Discover how RNA synthesis, or transcription, begins in the nucleus with RNA polymerase copying sections of DNA to form RNA strands. Follow along as we unpack mRNA processing steps—capping, tailing, and splicing—that prepare RNA for its critical role in protein creation. Understand RNA’s structure, including its ribose sugar and nitrogenous bases (Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine, and Uracil), and see why RNA’s reactivity makes it distinct from DNA. This episode clarifies RNA’s unique role in the cell, setting up our final episode, where we’ll focus on the primary RNA types and discuss the origins of the RNA-world hypothesis.