This episode explores the multifaceted nature of bilingualism and multilingualism, examining their definitions, degrees, and manifestations in individuals and societies. It discuss related concepts like diglossia, code-switching, and code-mixing, alongside the sociolinguistic landscape of multilingual countries. Furthermore, the episode considers the cognitive advantages associated with speaking multiple languages and analyzes different types of bilingualism and multilingualism. Finally, it touches upon bilingual and multilingual education and the distinctions between vernacular, standard languages, and the process of standardization, briefly considering the influence of gender on language use.