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According to Rabbi Yehuda, it is permissible to sleep under a bed in the sukkah. But if the bed is an ohel, the person sleeping should be considered sleeping only in the ohel and not in the sukkah?

Summary

Another answer: Rabbi Yehuda follows his opinion (6.2) that a sukkah must be a permanent dwelling, and “a casual ohel (the bed) cannot nullify a permanent ohel” (9.2). (The Chachomim disagree, according to them, the sukkah is also an ohel arai - temporary and casual - so sleeping under a bed is problematic).

Challenge: Rabbi Shimon is also of the opinion that a sukkah must be a permanent dwelling (6.2), still he holds (18.3) that one cannot sleep under a bed in the sukkah?

Resolution: Indeed, Both Rabbi Yehuda and Rabbi Shimon hold that a sukkah must be a permanent dwelling. But they argue over whether a casual ohel can nullify a permanent ohel (Rabbi Shimon), or not (Rabbi Yehuda).

Mishna (18.3): Rabbi Shimon: It happened that Tavi, the eved of Rabban Gamliel slept under the bed in the sukkah. Rabban Gamliel pointed out to the Chachomim that Tavi is a talmid chochom and is aware that he is pottur from the sukkah, so he sleeps under the bed.

Beraisa: Rabbi Shimon: From Rabban Gamliel’s “schmooze” we learn two things:

1. That a servant is pottur from sukkah.*

2. That one who sleeps under a bed in the sukkah has not fulfilled his obligation.

Question: Why does Rabbi Shimon say it is learned from Rabban Gamliel’s “schmooze”, let him say “from Rabban Gamliel’s words”?

Answer: He teaches us “by the way” what was taught by Rav Acha Bar Ada, some say, Rav Acha bar Ada quoting Rav Hamnuna quoting Rav:

Even the casual talk of Talmidei Chachomim must be studied. We know this from the possuk: “His leaves shall not wither”. (It means, not only are his fruit valuable, even his leaves don’t wither! So although Rabban Gamliel seemingly made a passing remark, a joke, it became a mishna.

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* Tosfos: One might think that women are also obligated in sukkah because it’s supposed to be like dwelling in a home. So it’s a chiddush that an eved is pottur. This podcast has been graciously sponsored by JewishPodcasts.fm. There is much overhead to maintain this service so please help us continue our goal of helping Jewish lecturers become podcasters and support us with a donation: https://thechesedfund.com/jewishpodcasts/donate