Glossary of Key Terms

Initial Public Offering (IPO): The process by which a private company offers shares to the public for the first time.

Underwriter: A financial institution that helps a company prepare for an IPO, assesses investor interest, and guarantees the sale of shares.

Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC): A U.S. government agency responsible for overseeing and regulating the securities markets.

Securities Disclosure: The process of providing transparent and accurate information about a company's financials, operations, and risks to potential investors.

Form 10-K: A comprehensive annual report that all publicly traded companies are required to file with the SEC.

Insider Trading: The illegal practice of trading a company's securities while in possession of material, non-public information about the company.

Whistleblower: A person who exposes illegal or unethical behavior within an organization.

Passive Voice: A grammatical structure in which the subject receives the action rather than performing it.

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