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Mishna: If one built his sukkah on a wagon or a ship, it is kosher.

Summary

Gemara:

Question: Whose opinion is this mishna following?

Answer: Rabbi Akiva. As we learned in a beraisa:

A sukkah on a ship is possul according to Rabban Gamliel and kosher according to Rabbi Akiva.

It once happened that Rabban Gamliel and Rabbi Akiva were travelling on a ship together. Rabbi Akiva built a sukkah on the deck; the next day a wind knocked down his sukkah. Rabban Gamliel said to him: “Akiva, where’s your sukkah?” (Don’t you see that a ship is not a stable place for a sukkah?).

Abayye: Everyone agrees that if it cannot withstand an ordinary land wind [although this sukkah is at sea], it is possul.

If it can withstand an unusually strong land wind [which is a usual sea wind], it is kosher.

They disagree if it can withstand an ordinary land wind, but not an ordinary sea wind [which is an unusually strong land wind]:

According to Rabban Gamliel, a sukkah must be a diras keva (6.3) and it must be able to stand where it is [at sea].

According to Rabbi Akiva, a sukkah mustn’t be so strong, as long as it can stand on land, it is kosher.

Atop a camel’s back, it is kosher but he may not enter it on Yom Tov.

Question: Whose opinion is this mishna following?

Answer: Rabbi Meir. As we learned in a beraisa:

A sukkah on an animal is kosher according to Rabbi Meir and possul according to Rabbi Yehuda.

Question: What is Rabbi Yehuda’s reasoning?

Answer: It states “Make a sukkah celebration for seven days”, only a sukkah that can be used for seven days is kosher [but this sukkah cannot be used on Shabbos or Yom Tov].

Challenge: What would Rabbi Meir say?

Resolution: This sukkah is usable all seven days, it is only d’rabbanan that we cannot use it (20.1). (Superficially we can say that this machlokes is the key to a question that comes up constantly in Minchas Chinuch: Does a d’rabbanan affect d’oraysos? It seems that Rabbi Yehuda hold it does, and Rabbi Meir holds it does not).

If one stationed an animal on one side of the sukkah to use it as a wall:

Rabbi Meir: It is possul.

Rabbi Yehuda: It is kosher.

Rabbi Meir would say: A living thing cannot be used as a wall for a sukkah, a lechi for a mavui, pasei bira’os (3.4), or a golel (according to Rashi it means the stone that covers a grave, this stone is tamei like the corpse).

They quoted Rabbi Yosi Haglili: Additionally, a get cannot be written on a living animal’s hide.

Question: What is Rabbi Meir’s reasoning?

Abayye: The animal might die.

Rabbi Zeira: The animal might escape. This podcast has been graciously sponsored by JewishPodcasts.fm. There is much overhead to maintain this service so please help us continue our goal of helping Jewish lecturers become podcasters and support us with a donation: https://thechesedfund.com/jewishpodcasts/donate