# AI for Everyone Podcast - Episode [15]: AI Breakthroughs in Anti Biotics, AI Judges, and the Latest Stats

## Introduction
Welcome to another exciting episode of "AI for Everyone" with your host Myles Dhillon! In today's episode, we're diving deep into the latest AI breakthroughs, exploring the first antibiotic breakthrough in 60 years and the integration of an AI judge in an Australian courtroom. Plus, stay tuned for eye-opening statistics that highlight the profound impact of AI on various industries. Let's get started!

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## New Antibiotic Breakthrough

### Overview
- Researchers from MIT, Harvard University, and the Broad Institute have achieved a groundbreaking discovery using AI in the quest for new antibiotics.
- This breakthrough directly addresses the global issue of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), a major cause of death worldwide.

### Key Points
- **Global Impact of Antimicrobial Resistance**
  - A report commissioned by the UK Government projects 10 million annual deaths by 2050 due to antimicrobial resistance.
- **Causes of Drug-Resistant Strains**
  - Over-prescription of antibiotics for humans and use in animal livestock contribute to the development of drug-resistant bacteria.

### Research Process
- **Focus on MRSA**
  - The study concentrated on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), responsible for over 120,000 deaths worldwide in 2019.
- **AI Platform - Chemprop**
  - Researchers utilized an AI platform called Chemprop, employing graph neural networks for predictions and analysis.
- **Screening Process**
  - Over 39,300 compounds were screened, resulting in 512 active candidate compounds.
- **Effective Antibiotics**
  - Two antibiotic candidate compounds were discovered, demonstrating high selectivity, overcoming resistance, and effective in both topical and systemic MRSA treatment.

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## AI Judge in Australian Courtroom

### The Concept of AI Justice
- **Impartiality and Efficiency**
  - The idea of using AI in the courtroom is rooted in its ability to apply justice impartially and efficiently, "without fear or favour."
- **Advantages of AI Judges**
  - AI doesn't require breaks, can't be bribed, and operates without financial motivations.
  - Faster and more efficient application of justice in decisions like bail conditions and sentencing.

### Considerations
- **Ethical Concerns**
  - Despite efficiency, ethical concerns arise regarding the human touch in justice, empathy, and nuanced decision-making.
- **Complex Legal Decisions**
  - The challenge lies in handling complex legal decisions that involve understanding human behavior, emotions, and context.

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## Top AI Statistics of 2023

### Market Growth and Economic Impact
- **AI Market Size**
  - The AI market is projected to reach $407 billion by 2027, showing substantial growth from $86.9 billion in 2022.
- **GDP Impact**
  - AI is estimated to contribute a 21% net increase to the United States GDP by 2030.

### Public Sentiment and Adoption
- **Concerns About Misinformation**
  - Over 75% of consumers are concerned about misinformation from AI.
- **User Adoption**
  - ChatGPT achieved 1 million users within its first five days of release.

### Business and Employment Trends
- **Business Confidence in AI**
  - 64% of businesses expect AI to increase productivity.
- **Job Loss Concerns**
  - 77% are concerned that AI will cause job loss in the next year.
- **Workforce Displacement**
  - AI-related advancements could displace 400 million workers worldwide.

### Future Job Creation and Specific Tools
- **Job Creation by AI**
  - Research estimates AI will create 97 million jobs.
- **Busi

Get intouch with Myles at [email protected]