99% Perspiration: A New Working History of the American Way of Life by Adam Chandler is a non-fiction book published in 2025.

The book explores the history and cultural impact of the deeply ingrained American belief that hard work and self-reliance lead to success, which the author refers to as the “American Abracadabra”.

Drawing on historical analysis, cultural commentary, and personal anecdotes, Chandler argues that this pervasive ideology, while inspiring, has also led to harmful consequences, including:

• The downplaying of systemic inequalities and the struggles faced by marginalized communities.
• The glorification of excessive work and the devaluation of leisure and time spent outside of the workplace.
• The perpetuation of unrealistic expectations and the blaming of individuals for their economic struggles.

Chandler examines the evolution of this work ethic, from the early Pilgrims to the present day, highlighting how historical narratives and cultural icons have reinforced the “American Abracadabra”. He also discusses the role of immigration, industrialization, and the rise of the gig economy in shaping American attitudes towards work. Ultimately, Chandler calls for a reevaluation of the American Dream, advocating for a future where work has dignity and fits harmoniously into a life that prioritizes community, empathy, and well-being.

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