Chrysippus of Soli, who lived around 279 BCE, is one of the most important Stoic philosophers, often regarded as the second founder of Stoicism after Zeno of Citium. He played a crucial role in shaping the doctrines of this philosophical school during the Hellenistic period, which was characterized by a flourishing of philosophical thought amid the political upheaval following the conquests of Alexander the Great. While many of his works have been lost, his influence on subsequent philosophical traditions, especially within the context of moral philosophy, cannot be understated.

Chrysippus is particularly famous for his contributions to ethics, logic, and physics, but at the heart of his moral philosophy lay the idea of living in accordance with nature. He asserted that the purpose of human life is to attain eudaimonia, or a state of flourishing, through virtuous living. This virtue is aligned with rationality, which Chrysippus believed to be the distinguishing feature of humanity. Therefore, understanding how to act rightly, according to Chrysippus, involves cultivating reason and aligning one's actions with nature's order.

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