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Summary

Mishna: If one’s head and most of his body is in the sukkah, while his table is in his house; Beis Shammai disqualify it while Beis Hillel permit it.

Beis Hillel to Beis Shammai: When the sages of Beis Hillel and Beis Shammai went to visit Rabbi Yochanan ben Hachoranis they saw him sitting with his head and most of his body in the sukkah, and his table in his house, and they didn’t tell him anything (in those days they wouldn’t hold back criticism if someone was doing something wrong).

Beis Shammai replied: The sages did speak up, they said “If this is how you sit in a sukkah, you never fulfilled the mitzvah.

Women, slaves and children are not obligated in sukkah. A child who doesn’t need his mother (this will be explained in the gemara) is obligated.

[Beis Shammai is more stringent], it happened that the daughter in law of Shammai Hazaken gave birth, so he broke open the ceiling above the crib (Shammai was not the type to be deterred by something like a roof) and put schach over the baby.

Gemara:

Question: What is the source [that women are not obligated]?

Response: Beraisa: It states “All the citizens [must sit in a sukkah]”. The word “the” excludes women, the word “all” includes children.

Challenge: So “All citizens” [without “the”] would include women? But in the matter of Yom Kippur we learn the opposite that “The citizens” includes women in the laws of Yom Kippur, whereas “citizens” alone would exclude them?

Rabbah: The halacha (singular: see Tosfos) was known and not derived from the possuk, the Chachomim merely used the possuk as an asmachta. This podcast has been graciously sponsored by JewishPodcasts.fm. There is much overhead to maintain this service so please help us continue our goal of helping Jewish lecturers become podcasters and support us with a donation: https://thechesedfund.com/jewishpodcasts/donate