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 Rav Chisda: Since the churban certain things have swapped their names. 

 Summary 

 Rava Bar Yosef: I’ll add one as well.

 Bavel is now called Bursif, while Bursif is called Bavel. It makes a difference with regard to gittin*.

 Mishna: 

 Rabbi Yishmael: Three hadassim, two aravos, one lulav and one esrog. Even if two hadassim are missing their tips, it is kosher.

 Rabbi Tarfon: It is kosher even if all hadassim are missing their tips.

 Rabbi Akiva: Just as we take only one lulav and one esrog, we take only one hadas and one aravah. 

 Gemara: 

 Beraisa: Rabbi Yishmael: “Pri eitz hadar” is singular “Kapas Temarim” is singular “Anaf eitz avos” is triplicate, “Arvei nachal” is plural, which indicates two aravos. The hadassim are kosher even if the tips of two are broken off.

 Rabbi Tarfon: They’re kosher even if all three are broken off.

 Rabbi Akiva: Just as we take only one lulav and one esrog, we take only one hadas and one aravah. 

 Rabbi Eliezer said to him: The esrog is not bound together with the others because it is not joined to them by a vav. We know that all four must be taken together because the word “v’lakachtem” is used which indicates “lekicha tamah”. 

 Challenge: What does Rabbi Yishmael want? If a broken hadas is possul, then all three should be whole, if not, why does one need to be whole?

 Bira’ah quoting Rabbi Ami: Rabbi Yishmael regretted his original opinion [but they continued repeating it as memorized, they merely added his later opinion]. (At first he held that broken hadassim are kosher, but later he held that one whole hadas should be used).

 Rav Yehuda quoting Shmuel: The halacha follows Rabbi Tarfon.

Shmuel follows his opinion: Shmuel said to the hadas sellers: Be moderately priced, otherwise I will announce that the halacha follows Rabbi Tarfon.

 Question: Isn’t that because Rabbi Tarfon’s opinion is lenient? Rabbi Akiva’s opinion seems to be more lenient**.

 Response: It is easier to find three broken hadassim than to find one whole hadas.

 Click here to listen to the shiur with Tosfos https://drive.google.com/file/d/1fXFJEWkqihBOolB5bC7IP67JRod7KoRS/view?usp=drivesdk

* Rashi: There are certain laws that apply only outside of Eretz Yisroel. Bavel [or Bursif] is considered Eretz Yisroel in this regard. Tosfos: This explanation is correct, but Rashi elsewhere explains that the law was said regarding writing the names of their cities. Tosfos points out that Bavel is not a city but a country, and the country is never written in the get.

* *Tosfos: This is not a side question but rather part of the proof that Shmuel follows Rabbi Tarfon’s opinion, otherwise he should have threatened them with Rabbi Akiva’s opinion!