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 Summary 

 The mishna delineated the procedure of lulav when Yom Tov falls on Shabbos 

 Gemara: 

 Challenge: Why can’t the mitzvah be done on Shabbos? It’s only a Rabbinic issue of muktzeh! 

 Rabbah: We are concerned someone might have a question about the mitzvah and he will carry it 4 amos* to a learned person on Shabbos.

This is also the reason for Shofar [not being blown when Rosh Hashanah is on Shabbos]

And this is also the reason for Megillah [not being read when Purim falls on Shabbos].

 Challenge: Then the lulav shouldn’t be taken even when it’s the first day which falls on Shabbos?

 Resolution: The Chachomim specifically instituted that on Shabbos the lulav should be taken at home.

 Challenge: But what of all the years until this was instituted?

 Resolution: Since the Torah-obligation on the first day is universal [even outside of the Beis Hamikdash], the Chachomim did not interfere with the observance of the mitzvah on Shabbos.

But on the other days where there is no obligation outside of the Beis Hamikdash; the Chachomim abolished this mitzvah in deference to Shabbos.

 Challenge: Then the lulav should always be taken on the first day even nowadays [when we no longer have the Beis Hamikdash]?

 Resolution: We don’t know for sure when the first day of Yom Tov is**.

 Challenge: Then why don’t they take the lulav in Eretz Yisroel on the first day?

 Resolution: They do [we’ll see soon that it’s not so]. 

 A proof: 

We learn in one mishna (34.1): If the first day of Yom Tov was on Shabbos, everyone carried their lulav to Har Habayis. 

Yet we learn in a beraisa: If the first day of Yom Tov was on Shabbos, everyone carried their lulav to the Beis Haknesses. 

We must say that the mishna is discussing the practice during the times of the Beis Hamikdash, and the beraisa is discussing the practice after the Destruction*.

Click on the link to listen to the shiur with Tosfos: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wmhKQbzyIpdE_zHuhlqH0lUJZjkIeRAj/view?usp=sharing

* The gemara should have said that he will come to “carry it out” from one domain to another.

 Rashi offers two explanations: 1. It may not be in a biblical “domain” but in a karmelis. 2. If he picked it up without the intent to carry it out, he is not considered liable for carrying it out.

 Tosfos prefers the first explanation, since one would not be liable for carrying something 4 amos either, if he picked it up without that intention. Tosfos offers another explanation, because people tend to be more cognizant of carrying from one domain to another and a gezeirah is not necessary.

* *Tosfos: Actually we do know because we have a calendar, but we act like we don’t know.

* Tosfos: This conclusion does not remain, actually the mitzvah is not done in Eretz Yisroel either, the gemara soon explains that the beraisa here is referring to the rest of Eretz Yisroel during the times of the beis hamikdash. But Shofar is different in that even in the times of the beis hamikdash it was only blown there but not in the rest of Eretz Yisroel. The difference is that Shofar is not only a matter of muktzeh but also a matter of specialized skill.