Some reconstructed Proto-Indo-European words:

• Family terms: méh₂tēr ("mother"), ph₂tḗr ("father"), dhugh₂tḗr ("daughter"), suHnús ("son").
• Animals: gwóus ("cow"), éḱwos ("horse"), h₃rḗḱs ("king" or "ruler," originally "he who rules over cattle").
• Natural world: dyḗws ("sky" or "daylight"), h₂éwsōs ("dawn").
• Tools and weapons: h₁nómn̥ ("name"), peḱu ("livestock, wealth").

PIE Root: dwo ("two")

• Sanskrit: dvá
• Greek: dyo
• Latin: duo (e.g., "dual")
• Old English: twā (modern English: "two")
• Old High German: zwei (modern German: zwei)

PIE Root: déḱm̥ ("ten")

• Sanskrit: daśa
• Greek: déka
• Latin: decem (e.g., "decimal")
• Old English: tīen (modern English: "ten")
• Old High German: zehan (modern German: zehn)

Dyḗus Ph₂tḗr ("Sky Father"):

• The chief deity, associated with the daytime sky, light, and authority. This god appears as Zeus in Greek, Jupiter (Diu-pater) in Roman, Dyaus in Vedic, and Týr in Norse mythology.

H₂éwsōs ("Dawn"):

• A goddess of the dawn, renewal, and fertility. She survives as Eos in Greek, Aurora in Roman, Uṣas in Vedic, and potentially Ēostre in Germanic traditions.

Perkwunos ("Thunder God"):

• Associated with storms, thunder, and war. Manifested as Perkūnas in Baltic, Thor in Norse, Perun in Slavic, and Indra in Vedic traditions.

H₂érkʷns ("Earth Mother"):

• A nurturing goddess tied to fertility and the earth. Echoes of this figure are found in the Greek Gaia and the Vedic Prithvi.

H₁n̥gʷnis (Fire Deity)

• Role: A sacred fire or hearth deity, often a mediator between gods and humans.
• Reconstructed Name: H₁n̥gʷnis ("Fire").
• Modern Equivalents:
• Vedic: Agni (fire god, intermediary in sacrifices).
• Roman: Vulcan (god of fire and metalworking).
• Greek: Hephaestus (god of fire and crafts).