Mindfulness being thrown around a lot in the past couple of years, by why?

Well research shows it reduces stress, helps with emotional regulation, helps with focusing and concentration and increases self-awareness.

Okay. But how?

Your brain is a muscle. Whatever neuron networks you use more they get stronger. So every time you are anxious you are building your anxious networks. Every time you are focused and productive, you are building your focused and productive networks. 

When we practice mindfulness we become more aware of thinking and emotions. This causes the mind to become more settled, so our nervous system and cognitive functions can take in more accurate information, helping us build are prefrontal cortex - our thinking brain. 

This will then help you make sure your thinking brain stays in charge even in emotional situations. 

The more mindful you are, the easier it is to improve cognitive functions and vice versa.