LHIM Everything

5. Old Testament Manuscripts and Textual Criticism

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Introduction

  • Different story from NT; 3 parts: Manuscripts, criticism, examples.

  • 3 families:

      1. Masoretic Text (MT),

      2. Samaritan Pentateuch (SP),

      3. Septuagint (LXX).

        Oldest Scrolls

        • Silver Scrolls (7th c. BC): Numbers 6:24-26 blessing.

        • Nash Papyrus (2nd c. BC): Ten Commandments + Shema.

          Masoretic Text (MT)

          • 7th-10th c. AD; standardized Hebrew with vowels.

          • Leningrad Codex (1008 AD); basis for BHS.

            Samaritan Pentateuch (SP)

            • Samaritan version of Torah; 2nd c. BC mss.

            • 6,000 variants from MT; some ideological.

              Septuagint (LXX)

              • Greek translation (3rd-2nd c. BC)

              • Early mss.: Codex Vaticanus, Sinaiticus.

                Dead Sea Scrolls (DSS, 1947)

                • 250 BC-68 AD; every OT book except Esther.

                • Confirm MT stability; some variants.

                  Textual Criticism

                  • Rules: Shorter readings, harmonizations suspect.

                  • Examples: Deut 32:8 (sons of God), Psalm 22:16 (pierced hands).

                    The post 5. Old Testament Manuscripts and Textual Criticism first appeared on Living Hope.
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                    LHIM EverythingBy Living Hope International Ministries