1. Sacrifice-this motif compares Jesus’ death to sin offerings in the Old Testament (Calvin)

2. Justification by Grace-in a “legal” sense, the death of Christ provided a way for humans to be judged as innocent (Luther)

3. Penal Substitution-a replacement is needed to pay the penalty for humans to be judged as innocent (Hodge)

4. Liberation-the death and resurrection primarily liberates us from sin

5. Renewal of Creation—a new spiritual existence is inaugurated by the death and resurrection (Athanasius)

6. The Restoration of Creation-creation and humanity need to be restored to its original state (Anselm)

7. Christ as the Goal of Creation-Christ and the new Christian community brought about by the death and resurrection is the completion of creation (Schleiermacher)

8. Christ the Way to the Knowledge of God-Christ came to restore our understanding/knowing of God (Niebuhr)

9. Christ the Reconciler-Christ reconciles those caught up in spiritual warfare (1 Corinthians 1 and 2)

10. The Wondrous Love of God-Jesus’ life, death, and resurrection are all about pointing us to God’s love (Abelard, Wesley, Moltmann)