I was recently reading the November/December 2022 issue of "The Science Teacher" a publication of the National Science Teaching Association. In this issue, I read the "Editor's Corner" column, written by Ann Haley MacKenzie. She wrote a column entitled, "Direct Instruction: A Healthy Place for Both Science Teachers and Students?"

Direct instruction doesn't always work. What we know about human learning is that students need exposure to a concept at least five or six times before they can begin to move it into long term memory. Hence the 5E Learning Cycle: Engage, Explore, Explain, Elaborate, Evaluate.