These sources collectively explore the vast field of oceanography, detailing its historical development, key figures, and modern advancements. They chronicle the evolution of ocean science from early navigation and observation to sophisticated expeditions and technological innovations, like the bathythermograph, that proved crucial in events such as World War II. The texts also highlight prominent marine scientists, including pioneering women like Mary Sears, Rachel Carson, and Ruth Turner, who made significant contributions to our understanding of marine life, ocean processes, and environmental conservation. Finally, the sources look towards the future of oceanography, discussing emerging technologies such as Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) and remote sensing, as well as the application of machine learning in addressing critical global challenges like climate change.

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