This conversation analyzes how various cognitive frameworks—such as critical, design, and systems thinking—influence organizational performance and problem-solving. Based on a comprehensive bibliometric study, they identify the most prominent ways of thinking and evaluates their disciplinary growth and practical applications. The author emphasizes that organizations achieve the best results by developing a balanced portfolio of these mental models rather than focusing on a single method. To successfully integrate these skills, leaders must provide developmental infrastructure, foster psychological safety, and align specific frameworks with their strategic goals. Ultimately, the source provides an evidence-based guide for cultivating a diverse cognitive toolkit to navigate modern workplace complexity.

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