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Advanced Audio Blog #8 - Top 10 Czech Holidays and Festivals: Jan Hus Day


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-------Lesson Dialog-------
----Formal ----
Den upálení mistra Jana Husa připadá na 6. července, kdy byl Hus upálen za kacířství poté, co odmítl odvolat své názory.
Den upálení mistra Jana Husa je v České republice státním svátkem.
Hus byl český kněz, který žil ve 14. a 15. století.
Mnozí ho považovali za prvního reformátora církve po Janu Viklefovi, který zemřel v roce 1384 a byl později prohlášen za kacíře.
Během svého života šířil Hus Viklefovo psaní. Viklef byl známý jako teoretik církevní reformace.
Římská katolická církev nazvala Husa kacířem za jeho názory o naukách učených Viklefem, zejména eucharistii a eklesiologii.
V roce 1409 ho církev vyloučila poté, co strávil roky kázáním proti tomu, co uváděl jako morální úpadek církve v tehdejší době.
Jeho vyloučení přišlo poté, co Alexandr V. vydal papežskou bulu, která umožnila arcibiskupovi vyloučit ty, kteří následovali Viklefovo učení, včetně Husa.
6. července 1415 ho církev po měsíci od soudu za obvinění z kacířství odsoudila.
Legendy uvádí, že když se popravčí pokusili zapálit oheň na upálení Husa k smrti, měli problémy s rozšířením ohně.
Starší žena přišla k ohni a hodila na něj menší kus dřeva a Hus pronesl „Sancta Simplicitas!," což znamená „Svatá prostoto!" Češi používají tuto frázi dodnes, aby řekli, že určitá činnost je hloupá.
Husova mučednická smrt odstartovala husitské války, což byla série pěti papežských křížových výprav, protože se jeho následovníci znovu bouřili proti římské katolické církvi.
----Formal English----
Jan Hus Day falls on July 6, the day he was burned at the stake for heresy after refusing to recant his beliefs.
In the Czech Republic, Jan Hus Day is a public holiday.
Hus was a Czech priest who lived in the 14th and 15th centuries.
Many considered him to be the first church reformer after John Wycliffe, who died in 1384 and was later declared to be a heretic.
During Hus's life, he circulated the writings of Wycliffe, who is known as the theorist of ecclesiastical Reformation.
The Roman Catholic Church named Hus a heretic for his belief of the doctrines taught by Wycliffe, particularly the Eucharist and ecclesiology.
The church excommunicated him in 1409 after he had spent years preaching against what he said were the moral failings of the church at that time.
His excommunication came after a papal bull issued by Alexander V enabled the Archbishop to move against those who followed the teachings of Wycliffe, including Hus.
He was condemned by the church on July 6, 1415, about a month after his trial on charges of heresy.
Legends say that when the executioners attempted to light the fire that would burn Hus to death, they had some problems building it up.
An older woman approached the fire and tossed a small bit of wood upon it, and Hus was said to have called out, "Sancta Simplicitas!" which means, "Holy Simplicity!" Today the Czechs still use this phrase to say that a particular action is stupid.
Hus's martyrdom kicked off the Hussite Wars, which were a series of five papal crusades as his followers rebelled against the Roman Catholic Church.
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