Competency-based medical education (CBME) is a topic we have discussed often on this podcast series, and today we are discussing a critical part of it; direct observation of trainees. But as most of us know, direct observation also has its challenges in a busy ED. Today we’re discussing a new paper in AEM Education and Training entitled "Does direct observation influence the quality of workplace-based assessment documentation?" First author Dr. Jeffrey Landreville is here to discuss it with us.