These sources primarily explore the diverse landscape of indigenous Afro-feminist theories, highlighting their origins as a critique of Western feminism's perceived inadequacies in addressing the unique experiences of African women. They introduce various frameworks like Stiwanism, Motherism, and Nego-feminism, each offering distinct approaches to gender equality rooted in African cultural contexts such as the Ubuntu/Unhu philosophy. The texts emphasize a non-confrontational, collaborative stance with men and prioritize community, motherhood, and negotiation over individualism or separatism. Furthermore, the sources discuss the evolution of these theories into contemporary movements, including the impact of social media and intersectionality, while also addressing the persistent "bread and butter" issues affecting African women.

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