David Baker, Demis Hassabis, and John M. Jumper have been awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for their groundbreaking work in protein research, transforming the understanding and manipulation of proteins through AI. Their innovations, such as AlphaFold, have revolutionized drug discovery and biotechnology, offering new solutions for complex diseases and personalized medicine. These advancements highlight the profound societal and economic implications of integrating AI in scientific research, while also addressing ethical and regulatory challenges.