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Analysis of AI-driven surveillance, examining its technological foundations, widespread applications, and associated harms. It breaks down biometric recognition, particularly facial recognition technology (FRT), detailing how personal identity is transformed into machine-readable data. The text explores the use of AI surveillance in law enforcement, smart cities, healthcare, and the commercial sector, highlighting a pattern of "benefit creep" where initial uses expand over time. Critically, the source addresses the spectrum of harms, including algorithmic bias leading to wrongful arrests, the erosion of privacy, and the chilling effect on civil liberties, effectively inverting the presumption of innocence. Finally, it compares global regulatory approaches—rights-based (EU), state-centric (China), and fragmented (US)—and proposes solutions like privacy-enhancing technologies, corporate ethical frameworks, and policy recommendations for responsible innovation.