Andres Serrano's photograph, Piss Christ, depicts a crucifix submerged in urine, sparking intense controversy since its 1989 exhibition. The work's reception, ranging from outrage and accusations of blasphemy to critical acclaim and interpretations as a meditation on faith, reflects broader debates surrounding artistic freedom, religious imagery in a consumer culture, and government funding of art. Serrano's artistic intent, however, was not to attack religion but rather to explore the relationship between the sacred and the profane, challenging viewers to confront their own biases. Multiple interpretations exist, including critiques of religious commercialization, meditations on Christ's suffering, and explorations of the tension between purity and impurity. The photograph remains a potent symbol of the ongoing cultural clashes over art, religion, and censorship.