This is the link to my entire dissertation if you have access. Otherwise, please stay tuned, and I will share the chapters here:

https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/1422/

This is Part One of Chapter One of my dissertation. This video introduces “Statement of the Problem,” “Purpose of the Study,” “Research Questions or Hypotheses,” and “Significance of the Study.”

Part one briefly reflects on the perceptions that schools have had of art and how art education is not a required class for students to be enrolled in at schools.

Part one introduces how schools have become standardized to prepare students for standardized tests, not higher education and future careers.

General education teaches students to think the same way with little differentiation and opportunity for students to cultivate self-efficacy and divergent thinking.

I then describe that art education is essential for students to cultivate divergent thinking and self-efficacy. Schools in lower socioeconomic communities with lower test scores are less likely to have art programs which, as a result, students are less likely to cultivate self-efficacy and divergent thinking.