Most cities were built for a reality that no longer exists. The streets were laid out for horse-drawn carriages. Crosswalks and intersections were designed for 1980s population levels. To make cities more livable, city planners need better insight into how people actually use the city, how they move through it and live in it. In this episode, Dr. Richard Kelley explains how artificial intelligence, machine learning and the internet of things work together to create “smart cities” – cities that reflect the needs of citizens now and in the future.