This episode examine diverse, and sometimes controversial, factors used to determine access to and the cost of mandatory auto insurance across North America. One informational source outlines the criteria for undocumented immigrants’ access to insurance in the United States, clarifying that while driving is a non-negotiable legal requirement, eligibility hinges on securing a valid driver’s license, which is permitted in 15 states and Washington, D.C.; these new drivers may initially face higher premiums due to a lack of driving history, not discrimination based on legal status. In stark contrast, a U.S. consumer report details how the use of credit-based insurance scores severely impacts affordability for financially vulnerable consumers, proving that safe drivers with poor credit often pay over double the premium compared to those with excellent credit, reinforcing structural inequality against low-income consumers and people of color. This research argues that these social status factors are often weighted more heavily than actual driving record safety when calculating insurance rates. Meanwhile, a Canadian source from Manitoba Public Insurance presents a system where premiums are determined by a Driver Safety Rating, rewarding drivers with substantial discounts for safe habits while allowing vehicle owners to maintain favorable ratings by utilizing a claim buy back option for minor incidents.