The parathyroid glands exemplify how small structures can exert profound physiological influence. This episode unpacks calcium homeostasis, hyperparathyroidism, and the surgical strategies used to localise and remove abnormal glands.

Listeners learn how subtle symptoms — fatigue, bone pain, renal stones, cognitive change — point to endocrine imbalance, and how imaging and intraoperative decision-making guide focused or bilateral exploration. The episode also highlights postoperative calcium management and the importance of recognising hypocalcaemia early.

This chapter trains clinicians to think biochemically, anatomically, and longitudinally — recognising that successful surgery restores equilibrium rather than simply removing tissue.

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