This episode was written and produced by Historica Canada. Production support from Andrew Chung and Edit Audio. Post-production by Edit Audio.  

Thanks to Soukaina Boutiyeb and to our script consultant, historian Dr. Marcel Martel.

Fact-checking by Sebastian Leck.

This project has been made possible in part by the Government of Canada.  

Cover image courtesy of the University of Ottawa, Centre for Research on French Canadian Culture (CRCCF).

Additional reading:

·     The Battle of the Hatpins

·     Francophones of Ontario (Franco-Ontarians)

Additional viewing:

The Battle of the Hatpins

Follow @HistoricaCanada on Twitter, Instagram, and TikTok and @Historica.Canada on Facebook.

This project has been made possible in part by the Government of Canada.