When a thief improves what he's stolen and sells it or leaves the object to his heirs... the buyer acquires the right to that improvement. But what about if the thief is an idolator? Plus, what counts as an improvement? (With a palm tree as a case study) Also, a new mishnah, where the change to the animal is that it ages... or is reduced in value because of external reasons. Plus, the Gemara's discussion of aging leading to an increase in value.

Bava Kamma 96: When Is a Palm Tree No Longer a Palm Tree?

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A dilemma - when one is exempt from the liability of a borrower, does that mean he has no liability or just as one who is paid to watch over it. Plus, why a donkey who isn't sold is a different case from a gift of pottery, for example. Also, the parameters of the paid guardian, and the requirements of an unpaid guardian, and the interaction with the one who owns the item being guarded. The formulation of statements may make the difference.

Bava Metzia 81: Put It Down!

3 mishnayot! 1 - If one rents a cow to plow a mountain, but plows in a valley... how does that difference (and the reverse) make a difference in terms of liability? 2 - Renting a donkey to transport wheat, but barley is transported instead - and how either weight or volume may make a difference in terms of the renter's liability. 3 - Terms of renting vs. a paid guardian, plus terms of helping a poor person in this regard.

Bava Metzia 80: Rental Agreements Gone Wrong

If a rented donkey dies midway through the journey, the renter pays a partial fee, and complains about the experience. But what if that donkey can be replaced? Plus, what if a donkey is rented for a man to ride, but a woman rides? She's considered heavier on the donkey... Also, renting a boat that doesn't make the journey, but sinks - the questions whether the rental was specific to that boat or any boat, which makes a difference for liability.

Bava Metzia 79: Rent-a-Donkey (or a Boat)

A new mishnah discusses what happens when something to a rented animal and who is responsible for unavoidable injuries. The gemara tries to determine if the first part of the mishnah is the opinion of Rabbi Meir

Bava Metzia 78: River Deep Mountain High

Rava's rulings in employment, in terms of setting norms, and what goes beyond all reasonable expectations. Plus, how people were trained not to renege on a contract, even an unwritten one.

Bava Kamma 96: When Is a Palm Tree No Longer a Palm Tree?

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