In this episode, we trace the critical strategic evolution of Osama bin Laden, analyzing his transformation from a financer of the anti-Soviet resistance to the architect of a global war against the West.

We explore the geopolitical catalysts behind this "pivot"—specifically the stationing of U.S. troops in Saudi Arabia during the Gulf War—and how this perceived betrayal led to the infamous Fatwas of 1996 and 1998. Join us as we dissect the ideology, the strategy, and the defining moments that shifted Al-Qaeda's focus from the "Near Enemy" (local regimes) to the "Far Enemy" (The United States), setting the stage for the tragic events of the 21st century.