This episode discusses some of the Black civil rights protests and anti-klan movements that practiced armed self-defense. Certain groups were linked to the NAACP and defended protesters at Southern civil rights marches. These self-defense groups laid the foundation for the emergence of the Black Panther Party in 1966, an urban organization that created a Black anti-fascist movement. The relevance of having such a movement shouldn't be lost on us today.

This episode was produced by a collaboration between writer William C. Anderson (@williamcson) and Black Autonomy Federation.