Maggie Lena Walker, the daughter of a former slave and
cook, was the first woman to charter a bank in the United
States in 1902. The bank offered loans and mortgages to
black residents of Richmond, Virginia who were otherwise
denied service by white-owned banks.
A year later she started a department store allowing black
customers to shop with dignity: To enter through the main
doors instead of a side entrance, to try on clothing before
buying, and to eat at lunch counters. Her store displayed
clothing on brown-skinned mannequins and hired
exclusively black women to work as clerks.
Later the same year, Walker utilized her newspaper to urge
Richmond residents to boycott the city's segregated
streetcar system. The boycott was so effective the
company operating the street cars declared bankruptcy
two months later.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maggie_L._Walker

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