Edward O. Wilson, a leading advocate of global conservation, is one of the great thinkers of the 20th century. His groundbreaking research, original thinking, and scientific and popular writing have contributed to change the way humans think of nature. He has received many of the world's leading prizes for his research in science, his environmental activism, and his writing. We spoke with Wilson, who currently is a research professor and museum curator at Harvard University, about his latest book, The Diversity of Life, that soon will be available in 14 languages around the world.