Dr. Denise M. Rousseau, H.J. Heinz II University Professor of Organizational Behavior and Public Policy at Carnegie Mellon University, argues that AI can meaningfully strengthen literature reviews when it is used for the right tasks and governed by clear integrity standards, especially transparency about the evidence base, tool limitations, and the exact process used to assemble and analyze sources. She emphasizes that human judgment remains essential for formulating strong research questions, while AI is particularly useful for accelerating literature search, supporting screening decisions, and most promisingly improving the consistency and scalability of data extraction for more trustworthy syntheses.

At the same time, she cautions that memory-based chat tools can hallucinate or fabricate citations and therefore should not be treated as reliable research instruments, reinforcing the need to select retrieval-grounded tools and document methods so others can evaluate (and approximate replication of) the review.

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