Thomas Piketty's Capital in the Twenty-First Century, exploring the historical evolution of wealth and income inequality. Piketty analyzes the theories of economists like Ricardo and Marx, contrasting their predictions of an inegalitarian spiral with Kuznets's more optimistic view. He examines the capital-labor split, the capital-income ratio, and the role of inheritance and taxation in shaping wealth distribution across various countries and time periods. The analysis includes extensive historical data and proposes a potential solution to excessive inequality: a progressive global tax on capital.