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Cardiovascular - Aortic Stenosis
In this high-yield cardiology episode, we unpack aortic stenosis—the most common adult valvular disease associated with sudden cardiac death. Listeners will learn the core pathophysiology of LV outflow obstruction, key risk factors, and how this progressive disease often remains silent until symptoms appear. We break down the classic triad of syncope, angina, and dyspnea; hallmark physical exam findings like the crescendo-decrescendo systolic murmur radiating to the carotids; and essential diagnostic criteria on echocardiography. The episode closes with evidence-based treatment strategies, including when to move toward surgical or transcatheter valve replacement. A concise, clinically focused review ideal for PA learners and practitioners.
References
1) Bushardt RL, Colomb-Lippa DM, Klinger AM, Reed H. The JAAPA QRS Review for PAs: Study Plan and Guide for PANCE and PANRE. 1st ed. LWW; 2021. ISBN: 9781975143817.
2) Willner N, Prosperi-Porta G, Lau L, et al. Aortic stenosis progression: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Coll Cardiol Cardiovasc Imaging. 2023 Mar;16(3):314-328. doi:10.1016/j.jcmg.2022.10.009.
3) McNamara RL, Welch PJ, Bartlett JT, et al; for the STREAM-2 Steering Committee and Investigators. Management of ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction in Low-and Middle-Income Countries. JAMA. 2023;329(9):764-779. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.2826117.
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By Kristopher Maday, PA-C, DFAAPAIn this high-yield cardiology episode, we unpack aortic stenosis—the most common adult valvular disease associated with sudden cardiac death. Listeners will learn the core pathophysiology of LV outflow obstruction, key risk factors, and how this progressive disease often remains silent until symptoms appear. We break down the classic triad of syncope, angina, and dyspnea; hallmark physical exam findings like the crescendo-decrescendo systolic murmur radiating to the carotids; and essential diagnostic criteria on echocardiography. The episode closes with evidence-based treatment strategies, including when to move toward surgical or transcatheter valve replacement. A concise, clinically focused review ideal for PA learners and practitioners.
References
1) Bushardt RL, Colomb-Lippa DM, Klinger AM, Reed H. The JAAPA QRS Review for PAs: Study Plan and Guide for PANCE and PANRE. 1st ed. LWW; 2021. ISBN: 9781975143817.
2) Willner N, Prosperi-Porta G, Lau L, et al. Aortic stenosis progression: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Coll Cardiol Cardiovasc Imaging. 2023 Mar;16(3):314-328. doi:10.1016/j.jcmg.2022.10.009.
3) McNamara RL, Welch PJ, Bartlett JT, et al; for the STREAM-2 Steering Committee and Investigators. Management of ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction in Low-and Middle-Income Countries. JAMA. 2023;329(9):764-779. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.2826117.