Climate change is a complex global issue with local impacts. Its dimensions span science, economics, society, politics, and ethics. Carbon dioxide, a key greenhouse gas, remains in the atmosphere for thousands of years, prolonging its effects. Even halting emissions won't stop its impact. Mitigation aims to reduce emissions, stabilize greenhouse gases, and enable natural adaptation. Adaptation involves adjusting to changing climate conditions, minimizing risks, and capitalizing on opportunities. Local governments are pivotal in these efforts, addressing flood defenses, heatwaves, and more. Governments integrate climate change into development plans to manage disasters, protect coastlines, enhance agriculture, and secure infrastructure