A direct comparison of study designs for deep learning models reveals that cohort-based approaches better preserve real-world risk estimates, while case-control designs—despite higher apparent accuracy—systematically overestimate patient risk. Original paper: Cohort vs case-control design for transformer-based prediction of asthma exacerbations in mild asthma. — NPJ digital medicine. 10.1038/s41746-026-02624-3 📄 Read the article