Evidence-based anything is an illusion. There is no evidence-based science, evidence-based policy, evidence-based argument (see this very paragraph).
In reality, a mind first guesses—conjectures—an idea. This could be a scientific idea, a moral idea, an economic idea, a political idea, an idea about beauty—anything.
One then criticizes it: is it internally consistent? Does it cohere with our other ideas about how the world works? Is it arbitrary? Is it consistent with our observations?
Read: https://www.conjectureinstitute.org/courses/people-reason-reality/Logan%20%E2%80%93%20Reason%20Module%202%20-%20Google%20Docs.pdf
Visit Conjecture Institute: https://www.conjectureinstitute.org/
Donate to Conjecture Institute: https://www.every.org/conjecture-institute-inc#/donate/card
Follow Conjecture Institute on X: https://x.com/ConjectureInst